[C#] DesignerSerializationVisibilityAttribute

根據官方文章

• 逐步解說：使用 DesignerSerializationVisibilityAttribute 序列化標準型別的集合 
• How to: Serialize Collections of Standard Types with the DesignerSerializationVisibilityAttribute
• DesignerSerializationVisibilityAttribute 類別

來了解 DesignerSerializationVisibilityAttribute 用途，[DesignerSerializationVisibilityAttribute 序列化] 簡易白話說明，就是屬性視窗內 Property 設定完後，會不會儲存在 Designer.cs (下圖)

DesignerSerializationVisibility 列舉 說明

 

類型	說明
Hidden	程式碼產生器產生物件內容的程式碼，而非物件本身的程式碼
Visible	程式碼產生器會產生物件的程式碼
Content	程式碼產生器產生物件內容的程式碼，而非物件本身的程式碼

DesignerSerializationVisibilityAttribute 預設為 DesignerSerializationVisibility.Visible

HP M501 dn - 列印異常

使用者告知，印表機列印出紙紙張都會有條色塊在上面，且整體列印品質不良，如下圖

 

發現碳粉夾光鼓上有碳粉吸附在上方，用衛生紙清潔後，就恢復正常，下圖為擦拭過後

正常輸出

[C#] 繪製文字 - 測量

閱讀該篇 Graphics.MeasureString 方法 來了解如何測量文字，文章內的重點備註

The MeasureString method is designed for use with individual strings and includes a small amount of extra space before and after the string to allow for overhanging glyphs. Also, the DrawString method adjusts glyph points to optimize display quality and might display a string narrower than reported by MeasureString.

找到該篇 GDI+ Text, Resolution Independence, and Rendering Methods. Or - Why does my text look different in GDI+ and in GDI? 來閱讀，才了解上述文字要表達的意思

using System.Drawing;
using System.Drawing.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;

namespace GraphicsSample
{
    public partial class FrmMeasureString : Form
    {
        public FrmMeasureString()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        protected override void OnPaint(PaintEventArgs e)
        {
            base.OnPaint(e);
            MeasureStringMin(e);
        }

        private void MeasureStringMin(PaintEventArgs e)
        {
            string measureString = "文字寬度測量";
            Font stringFont = new Font("微軟正黑體", 16);

            // Figure1：MeasureString 前後會留些許空白
            SizeF stringSize = e.Graphics.MeasureString(measureString, stringFont);
            float stringSizeX = 80.0F;
            float stringSizeY = 10.0F;
            e.Graphics.DrawRectangle(Pens.Red, stringSizeX, stringSizeY, stringSize.Width, stringSize.Height);
            e.Graphics.DrawString(measureString, stringFont, Brushes.Black, stringSizeX, stringSizeY);

            // Figure2：MeasureString 搭配 StringFormat.GenericTypographic
            SizeF stringSizeFormat = e.Graphics.MeasureString(measureString, stringFont , int.MaxValue , StringFormat.GenericTypographic);
            float stringSizeFormatX = 80.0F;
            float stringSizeFormatY = 50.0F;
            e.Graphics.DrawRectangle(Pens.Red, stringSizeFormatX, stringSizeFormatY, stringSizeFormat.Width, stringSizeFormat.Height);
            e.Graphics.DrawString(measureString, stringFont, Brushes.Black, stringSizeFormatX , stringSizeFormatY);

            // Figure3：MeasureString 搭配 StringFormat.GenericTypographic + TextRenderingHint.AntiAlias
            e.Graphics.TextRenderingHint = TextRenderingHint.AntiAlias;
            SizeF stringSizeAntiAlias = e.Graphics.MeasureString(measureString, stringFont, int.MaxValue, StringFormat.GenericTypographic);
            float stringSizeAntiAliasX = 80.0F;
            float stringSizeAntiAliasY = 90.0F;
            e.Graphics.DrawRectangle(Pens.Red, stringSizeAntiAliasX, stringSizeAntiAliasY, stringSizeAntiAlias.Width, stringSizeAntiAlias.Height);
            e.Graphics.DrawString(measureString, stringFont, Brushes.Black, stringSizeAntiAliasX, stringSizeAntiAliasY);

            // Figure4：MeasureString 搭配 StringFormat.GenericTypographic + TextRenderingHint.AntiAliasGridFit
            e.Graphics.TextRenderingHint = TextRenderingHint.AntiAliasGridFit;
            SizeF stringSizeAntiFit = e.Graphics.MeasureString(measureString, stringFont, int.MaxValue, StringFormat.GenericTypographic);
            float stringSizeAntiFitX = 80.0F;
            float stringSizeAntiFitY = 130.0F;
            e.Graphics.DrawRectangle(Pens.Red, stringSizeAntiFitX, stringSizeAntiFitY, stringSizeAntiFit.Width, stringSizeAntiFit.Height);
            e.Graphics.DrawString(measureString, stringFont, Brushes.Black, stringSizeAntiFitX, stringSizeAntiFitY);
        }
    }
}

• 參考資料
• StringFormat.GenericTypographic 屬性
• [.NET]如何計算字串的高度及寬度
• MeasureString 不准确

[C#] 繪製線條、曲線 - 平滑化

參考該篇 - Antialiasing with Lines and Curves 的練習筆記，該文章內容 Aliasing 和 Antialiasing 說明是精華，擷取示意圖來筆記

SmoothingMode 有六種列舉，可以分為三類

 

類型	說明
Invalid	Specifies an invalid mode.
None、Default、HighSpeed	Specifies no antialiasing.
AntiAlias、HighQuality	Specifies antialiased rendering.

有兩個平滑化情況，無法依靠 SmoothingMode 達到

• 文字：必須使用 Graphics.TextRenderingHint，參考 [C#] 繪製文字 - 平滑化
• 漸層：必須使用 PathGradientBrush

C# 測試 Code

using System;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Drawing.Drawing2D;
using System.Windows.Forms;

namespace GraphicsSample
{
    public partial class FrmLineCurveAntialiAsing : Form
    {
        public FrmLineCurveAntialiAsing()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        protected override void OnPaint(PaintEventArgs e)
        {
            base.OnPaint(e);

            int width = 100;
            int height = 50;

            using (Pen p = new Pen(Color.Red, 2))
            {
                e.Graphics.DrawEllipse(p, 10, 10, width, height);

                // 平滑化
                e.Graphics.SmoothingMode = SmoothingMode.AntiAlias;
                e.Graphics.DrawEllipse(p, 130, 10, width, height);
            }
        }
    }
}

• 參考資料
• Graphics.SmoothingMode 屬性

[C#] 繪製文字 - 平滑化

根據 How to: Use Antialiasing with Text 的練習筆記，反鋸齒 (平滑化) 是透過指定 TextRenderingHint 屬性，來提高文字外觀品質和可讀性

TextRenderingHint 有六種列舉，想要達到文字平滑化，基本上要指定 AntiAlias、AntiAliasGridFit、ClearTypeGridFit 這三種其中一種，ClearTypeGridFit 文字品質最佳，但效能最差，從 Understand font aliasing issues in C# 文章中可以理解到，不同字型可能會有不同測試結果，且小字型比較能看出差異

以下是使用微軟正黑體來觀察字型大小 6 和 16 文字平滑化差異

using System;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Drawing.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;

namespace GraphicsSample
{
    public partial class FrmTextAntialiAsingcs : Form
    {
        public FrmTextAntialiAsingcs()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        protected override void OnPaint(PaintEventArgs e)
        {
            base.OnPaint(e);

            FontFamily fontFamily = new FontFamily("微軟正黑體");
            SolidBrush solidBrush = new SolidBrush(Color.FromArgb(255, 0, 0, 255));

            // 字型大小 6
            Font smallFont = new Font(fontFamily, 6, FontStyle.Regular, GraphicsUnit.Pixel);
            e.Graphics.TextRenderingHint = TextRenderingHint.SingleBitPerPixel;
            e.Graphics.DrawString(nameof(TextRenderingHint.SingleBitPerPixel), smallFont, solidBrush, new PointF(10, 10));

            e.Graphics.TextRenderingHint = TextRenderingHint.AntiAlias;
            e.Graphics.DrawString(nameof(TextRenderingHint.AntiAlias), smallFont, solidBrush, new PointF(10, 60));

            e.Graphics.TextRenderingHint = TextRenderingHint.ClearTypeGridFit;
            e.Graphics.DrawString(nameof(TextRenderingHint.ClearTypeGridFit), smallFont, solidBrush, new PointF(10, 110));

            // 字型大小 16
            Font bigFont = new Font(fontFamily, 16, FontStyle.Regular, GraphicsUnit.Pixel);
            e.Graphics.TextRenderingHint = TextRenderingHint.SingleBitPerPixel;
            e.Graphics.DrawString(nameof(TextRenderingHint.SingleBitPerPixel), bigFont, solidBrush, new PointF(100, 10));

            e.Graphics.TextRenderingHint = TextRenderingHint.AntiAlias;
            e.Graphics.DrawString(nameof(TextRenderingHint.AntiAlias), bigFont, solidBrush, new PointF(100, 60));

            e.Graphics.TextRenderingHint = TextRenderingHint.ClearTypeGridFit;
            e.Graphics.DrawString(nameof(TextRenderingHint.ClearTypeGridFit), bigFont, solidBrush, new PointF(100, 110));

        }
    }
}

程式執行後用放大鏡來觀察會比較有感

• 參考資料
• Graphics.TextRenderingHint 屬性